What is the difference between periodontitis and gingivitis?

Gingivitis is the first stage of gum inflammation and affects only the gums. It is caused by bacteria in plaque and is characterised by red, swollen and bleeding gums. This condition is reversible with good oral hygiene and professional cleaning. If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis. Periodontitis is more serious and also affects the jawbone and the fibres that anchor the teeth. In periodontitis, periodontal pockets form between the tooth and the gum, where bacteria accumulate. This can cause bone loss, which may ultimately lead to tooth loss. The treatment of periodontitis is more intensive and takes longer than that of gingivitis. Both conditions call for good self-care and regular check-ups. Early treatment prevents serious complications.