What is the difference between flap surgery and non-surgical treatment?

There are two main forms of periodontal treatment: closed (non-surgical) and open (flap) treatment. Closed treatment, such as scaling and root planing, is carried out without lifting the gums. This method is suitable for mild to moderate periodontitis. Flap surgery is a surgical procedure in which the gums are gently lifted away from the teeth. This gives the clinician a better view of, and access to, deeper tartar or inflamed tissue. After cleaning, the gums are stitched back into place. Flap surgery is used for persistent or advanced periodontitis. Both treatments are followed by an aftercare programme. The choice depends on the severity of the condition and the depth of the pockets. Your clinician will discuss which option is most suitable in your case.