What is the difference between plaque and tartar?

Plaque is a sticky, soft layer of bacteria that forms continuously on the teeth. It consists mainly of bacteria, salivary proteins and food debris. Tartar forms when plaque mineralises through contact with saliva. This hard material attaches firmly to the teeth and can no longer be brushed away. Tartar is rough and encourages further plaque build-up. Only professional cleaning removes tartar effectively. Plaque causes cavities and gum inflammation if it is not removed daily. Tartar leads to periodontitis and worsens existing gum problems. Regular visits to the dental hygienist prevent tartar formation. Good oral hygiene at home minimises plaque build-up between visits.